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Charles Evers
James Charles Evers (born September 11, 1922) is a civil rights activist and the older brother of Medgar Evers, who was assassinated in 1963. In 1969, Charles Evers was elected in Fayette, Mississippi as the first African-American mayor in the state in the post-Reconstruction era, following passage of the Voting Rights Act of 1965 which enforced constitutional rights for citizens. He ran for governor in 1971 and the United States Senate in 1978, both times as an Independent candidate.
==Early life and education==
Born in Decatur in Newton County in east central Mississippi, Evers was reared by devoutly Christian parents, Jesse (Wright) and James Evers. He had a younger brother Medger, with whom he was close. They attended segregated public schools, which were typically underfunded in Mississippi following the exclusion of African Americans from the political system by disenfranchisement after 1890.
During World War II, Charles and Medgar Evers both served in the United States Army. Charles fell in love with a Filipino woman while stationed overseas. He could not marry her and bring her home to his native Mississippi because the state prohibited interracial marriages. Mississippi's 1890 constitution also had effectively disenfranchised blacks and many poor whites by requiring payment of a poll tax and passing a literacy test to register to vote. The state legislature established racial segregation in public facilities and other Jim Crow laws. This exclusion from the political system was largely enforced against African Americans until after passage of the federal Voting Rights Act of 1965, which authorized federal oversight and enforcement of constitutional rights. Since then African Americans continue to vote at a high rate in Mississippi.
Before and after the war, Evers participated in bootlegging operations, prostitution, and numbers in Mississippi and Chicago. He revealed this part of his past in 1971 prior to his campaign for governor. He said he was not proud of it, but was proud that he had changed his life and left such crime activities far behind.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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